Essay on Family and World War - 1101 Words

The novel Fireshadow by Anthony Eaton is set in the contexts of past and present. The past is set during World War II at a prison camp in the West Australian bush where you follow a German soldier who is imprisoned in the camp. The present day is set in the present Australian bush where it follows a boy who’s ran away from home. Fireshadow is constructed to focus on how the issues from the past differ to now. The main issues that differ in society from past and present are the racial conflict, being pregnant without a husband and family. The way the author constructed racial conflict in the book was point of view because through point of view because you witness how people felt about being discriminated against, racial conflict was huge†¦show more content†¦When Alice came back from the prison camp she was pregnant so society excluded her which shows how people judge someone for their actions and not for who they really are. When Alice went around town she got weird looks from people, which made her feel lonely, depressed and unwanted and it was made worse for Alice because these people used to be her friends. Society reflected Alice as being promiscuous even though she was pregnant to the person she loved. In the present people don’t care if you’re pregnant without a husband because it might be the person’s personal choice. In the past everyone knew everyone so the gossip would travel fast that’s a reason why it was talked about more because everyone knew each other’s stor y. Another reason why being pregnant without a husband back than was so bad because they had higher standards of people back than. Whereas now people are more relaxed so there are fewer standards and now because there’s a higher population it’s much harder to know everyone so no one knows everyone’s story. The way the author constructed the issue of families was characterization so you get the idea of each member of the family so that helps show the difference between the stereotypical families in the past and the present. Families in the past were different to the one’s in the present because the father was the most dominate because they were the ones that earn the money and they were the ones who were portrayed as being brave. The mother wasShow MoreRelatedFamilies during World War II569 Words   |  2 Pages Families During World War II The entry of the United States into the Second World War dramatically altered the traditional role of the family in American society. First and foremost, the economic conditions, which were dramatically improving because of the war, became suitable for a large number of couples to get married. But the war also changed the interaction between members of the family and traditional parental roles. Housing shortages led to discrimination against some families, juvenileRead MoreFamily Implications Of The World War I And II, Korea, And Vietnam863 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Implications As we look at the over, arching aspect of family implications, the most common aspect associated to this is the number of service member deaths. By the numbers alone, those killed in conjunction to the operations of the past 14 years do not hold a candle to the sheer numbers of World Wars I and II, Korea, or Vietnam. We must look past these numbers and look at all injuries, which will then significantly increase the casualty numbers. Many of the millions of wounded warriorsRead MoreHow did the Second World War Affect Family Life in Britain Between 19391958 Words   |  8 Pages How did the Second World War Affect Family Life in Britain Between 1939-45? The Blitz comes from a German word meaning lightning. It was the sustained strategic bombing of the United Kingdom by Germany during the Second World War. Between 7 September 1940 and 21 May 1941 there were major raids (attacks in which more than 100 tons of high explosives were dropped) on 16 British cities. Over a period of 267 days (almost 37 weeks), London was attacked 71 times, Birmingham, Liverpool and Plymouth eightRead MoreThe Battle Of The World War II974 Words   |  4 Pages Is it really worth letting your family suffer, while you fight for your country’s freedom? The love for family appears, in most cases, to be less important than victory against another country. In hope for fighting hard for their country, the soldiers have forgotten all the fears that their family faces. According to the Untold Stories of Loss: Mourning the ‘Enemy’ in Second World War, the families would experience â€Å"a constant dread of receiving a telegram announcing the injury, missing statusRead MoreLife At Home During World War I1443 Words   |  6 Pagesduring World War I and World War II Introduction During World War I and World War II life back home changed excessively. Families were experiencing drastic changes as the absence of men affected not only families but the economy as well. When the soldiers went to fight in World War 1 and World War 2, women and children had to replace men in the workforce. There was an increase in those affected by the trauma of the wars, and the birth-rate had dropped during this time. 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Following World War II and the Suez crisis in 1956, The British Empires status as a superpower was greatly diminished. For the remainder of the Cold War the United States and the Soviet Union came to beRead MoreA Life Of Her Own998 Words   |  4 Pages World War I changed the landscape of Europe, particularly France, like no war had ever before. The memoir, A Life of Her Own, depicts the experiences of Emilie Carles, a politically active French women. The memoir depicts the country’s history throughout, not only World War I, but most of the 20th century. Carles brother, Joseph, was caught in a German Prisoner of War camp for a good portion of the war. While there, he would write to the Carles and documented the horrors of war. The article A RepublicRead MoreA Time For Change . William G. Pollard, A Physicists, Had1509 Words   |  7 Pagesuntil he acquired the technology necessary to make weapons. During this period, man hunted and gathered food as they walked through the vast earth. This was until the discovery of agriculture and farming allowed many to stay in one spot and raise a family. We have witnessed changes due to the spread of religion, and great periods of change brought forward by the industrial and technolog ical revolutions. It is important to understand that unlike all of the periods mentioned above, the greatest periodRead MoreThe Fifties Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesCold War and social conformity. It is hard to generalize the lives of millions of Americans, but the values of Americans in the fifties were shaped by two major events: the Great Depression and World War II. After a period of war and poverty conforming to a suburban way of life was a dream come true for Americans. The 1950s almost inevitably invoke an image of the so called traditional nuclear family portrayed in famous TV shows like Happy Days. In this golden age of the family, happily

Essay Things Fall Apart and its Representation Chinua...

The novel Things Fall Apart, displays Okonkwo, a local leader in the village of Nigeria. It describes how his family, comrades and the society and culture of lgbo inherit under the influence of British Colonialism and Christian missionaries during the late nineteen century. The protagonist Okonkwo is portrayed as a masculine and irritable solider who tries to prevent his villages from the invasion of Christianity, but eventually fails. He is a tragic hero who represents a culture that has been replaced by Christianity. On the other hand, Mr. Brown is a representation of Western culture that at first is a missionary but turns in to a colonizer. In the text, Okonkwo’s flaw characteristics result his own destruction, as the culture he†¦show more content†¦When the western missionaries land the town with bicycles, villagers refer the bicycles as â€Å"iron horse†. It is a reflection of community’s ignorance and uncivilized. What makes it even worse is that Umuofia people’s unwillingness to adapt from other culture. In chapter 16, missionary tries to explain the concept of Christianity, that the new god is a creator of all the world and all the men and women. (Achebe 102), people questions their belief and especially burst into laugh. â€Å"When this was interpreted to the men of Mbanta they broke into derisive laughter. These men must be mad, they said to themselves. How else could they say that Ani and Amadior were harmless? And Idemili and Ogwugwu too?† (Achebe 103) They despise other culture, refuses to learn from other’s strong point to offset their weakness. Also, villagers from Umuofia try to banish those missionaries by arranging those missionaries to resident in the evil forest where they believe â€Å"An evil forest was, therefore, alive with sinister forces and powers of darkness.† (Achebe 105) As the title â€Å"Things fall apart† suggests, whole story is about how society collapses and disintegrates. Apart these imperfections in Igbo’s culture may partly result destruction, the interferences and assistances from western society also lead Umuofia to a colonized land. In Things Fall Apart, one of the main theme is the disintegration of African society. When those missionaries arrive,Show MoreRelatedThings Falll Apart by Chinua Achebe1082 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a story that portrays the tensions between the white Colonial Government and native-born people of Umuofia. Okonkwo, the main character, and a great village man is highly respected in the Igbo tribe of Umuofia. Although, Okonkwo is highly respected by the Igbo people, they are fearful of him because of his violent anger. When the Europeans arrived in Umuofia, they brought with them a new religion: Christianity. The Westerners changed Umuofia, destroyed traditionRead MoreImperialism In The 19Th Century Resulted In European Countries1726 Words   |  7 Pagescountrie s.When Chinua Achebe published Things fall apart in 1958, a novel criticizing the European aspects of imperialism, his aspiration was to teach readers that â€Å"their past-with all its imperfections-was not one long night of savagery from which the first Europeans acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(Chinua Achebe on the Role of the African Writer, 1964). Chinua Achebe helped change the western perception of African culture by using the characters and story of Things Fall Apart to give readersRead MoreChinua Achebe : The Invention And Mastery Of Modern African Literature1695 Words   |  7 Pages In her essay Chinua Achebe: The Invention and Mastery of Modern African Literature Emeka Aniagolu labels Chinua Achebe as â€Å"the single most important literary figure in modern African literature† (1). Aniagolu goes on to praise Achebe as â€Å"perhaps the most well-known, most widely read, most translated, and most widely respected modern African writer, noveli st and polemical essayist†, especially considering he as been crowned as the inventor of modern African literature (1). The praise he has receivedRead MoreChinua Achebe : The Invention And Mastery Of Modern African Literature1595 Words   |  7 PagesColleen ODonnell ENG 290 Professor Mann 7 December 2015 TITLE In her essay Chinua Achebe: The Invention and Mastery of Modern African Literature Emeka Aniagolu labels Chinua Achebe as â€Å"the single most important literary figure in modern African literature† (1). Aniagolu goes on to praise Achebe as â€Å"perhaps the most well-known, most widely read, most translated, and most widely respected modern African writer, novelist and polemical essayist†, especially considering he as been crowned as the inventorRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pages who took their land for monetary gain. This was a dark period of time for Africans that live there. The U.S. Civil War and The Great Depression both can be related, in this instance, to how down their people were because of what happened. Chinua Achebe said it best, â€Å"I would be quite satisfied if my novels...did no more than teach my readers of their past...was not a long night of savagery from which the first European acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(qtd. in â€Å"Morning Yet† 45). In theRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1325 Words   |  6 Pages Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Thing Fall Apart, first published in 1958, is Chinua Achebe’s first and most acclaimed novel. Achebe illustrates an approving rendering of Nigerian and African tribal life prior to and subsequent to colonialism. Achebe presents various aspects of a native African community, including war, women mistreatment, violence and conflict, while maintaining a balance in social coherence, customs and tradition. Achebe portrays a clash of culturesRead MoreAnalysis of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart1579 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebes 1958 novel Things Fall Apart marked a significant turning point not only for literature, but the world, because the novel is an attempt to blend the conflicting identities and ideologies of Africa in the wake of colonization. The novel depicts the destructive tension that arises between the traditions of the Igbo people and white colonizers, but, perhaps contrary to the readers expectation, it does not present either side as holding the ethical high gr ound. Rather, the novel suggestsRead More People Fall Apart in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesPeople Fall Apart in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe   Ã‚   Karl Marx believed that all of history could be reduced to two tiny words: class struggle. In any period of time a dominant class exploits a weaker class. Marx defines a dominant class as one who owns or controls the means of production. The weaker class consists of those who dont. In Marxs day, the age of Almighty Industry, the means of production were factories. But as a literary theory Marxism needs no factories to act as meansRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesChinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, explores the complicated journey of the protagonist Okonkwo, an influential clan leader within the Nigerian village of Umuofia, and the struggles he encounters as a result of white colonist infiltration. Prior to the arrival of the colonist forces, Okonkwo is an individual that prides himself on his masculinity and success; living in direct contrast to his father Unoka, a rather lazy and cowardice man, as a result of a sense of shame he endures from his father’sRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1033 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Chinua Achebe is a famous Nigerian novelist in worldwide. Things fall apart is Chinua Achebe’s first novel published in 1958, the year after Ghana became the first African nation to gain independence. And this novel is one of the first African novels to gain worldwide recognition. (Phil Mongredien, 2010) This novel presents people a story of an African Igbo tribal hero, Okonkwo, from his growth to death. The fate of Okonkwo also indicates the fate of Africa caused by the colonization

Zoroastrian Mythology Free Essays

string(58) " the person has done righteous deeds, and goes to heaven\." Myth Zoroastrianism was founded by Zarathustra (also known as Zoroaster) between 8000 and 2500 years ago. He lived in northeast Persian (Iran) near the border of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan and was born on the banks of the Daraja River. He is considered by some to be the world’s First Prophet and is credited with the invention of the concept. We will write a custom essay sample on Zoroastrian Mythology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Zarathustra faced few difficulties when it came to gaining adherents to his new religion, and quickly amassed a great number of them in the early days. Zarathusa composed the Zoroastrian holy hymns called the Gathas, seventeen of which remain today. However, scholars believe that many more were written by him that were lost in the ages. The holy book of Zoroastrianism is the Avesta. When people refer to the Zend Avesta, they mean the Avesta plus the later commentary added during the Sassanian Dynasty of Persia (226 BCE to 651 CE). The Gathas of the Avesta were said to have been divinely inspired, and Zarathustra received a total of seven visions from the Amesha Spentas (â€Å"Beneficent Immortals,† or sometimes rendered as ArchAngels). Ahura Mazda is the supreme god of Zoroastrianism. The god of Goodness and Light, he is mainly symbolised with fire. There exists conflict between him and Angra Maiyu (Ahriman), who is the arch-nemesis â€Å"The Lie†. Zoroastrians believe that every human is born with a Fravahi, a Guardian Spirit, which helps a person distinguish Right from Wrong. However, since humans have Free Will, they have a choice. This means that actively choosing Right is entirely up to each person themselves. Although operating in the same domain, the Fravashi are distinguished as being different from conscience. They both exist in a psychic region that is mysterious and profound, because although the Right and Wrong are learned from the teachings of this religion, big moral decisions such as murder and theft are condemned by religions of all backgrounds and thus are different. Originally, Ahura Mazda created only a spiritual world, Menog. However, the Fravashis pleaded that Ahura Mazda give the world physicality so that they would become capable of action. Although Ahura Mazda warned them that through the creation of a material world, Evil and Death would enter into Creation, he later relented and altered Menog so that it became Getig, the physical world we live in. The Amesha Spentas, or Beneficent Immortals, were originally envisioned by Zarathustra as attributes of the supreme god Ahura Mazda, but over time Zoroastrians began imagining these ideas in bodily forms. For example, Kshathra Vairya, the spirit of Strength and Dominion, can also be interpreted as the positive trait of natural leadership able to be inwardly cultivated by humans. Other attributes-turned-deities include: Conscience, Victory, Wind, Rain, as well as a few local geographical features, like mountains or rivers. The Haoma, a plant sacred to Zoroastrians, is also personified as a deity. Zoroastrianism incorporated older religions into its belief system. Mithra, an ancient pagan god from the pre-Zarathustra days, became known as the deity of Heavenly Light. The concept of Good and Evil is debated in the religion. Some say it existed before the beginning of the material world, while others say that it is absent from the rest of Creation, and exists only in the human heart. The Renewal Of The World is the correct Zoroastrian term for The End Of The World. They believe that at that time, the dead will rise and the wicked shall be purified and all will live in peace and harmony. Before that blessed event can occur, there is to be an end to the battle of Good versus Evil. The Good Forces will be led by three Saviors known as the Sashoyant. During or after battle, the world will be destroyed by fire, and according to Zoroastrian scholars (Sherpa), â€Å"molten metal will cover the Earth like water. The Righteous will wade through, but the unrighteous will be consumed by it.† Originally, the Saoshyant was a term that applied only to the followers of Zarathustra who thought this event was at hand; later, the term Saoshyant switched over to the messianic interpretation it has today. In Zoroastrianism, each person possesses an eternal, individual Soul. Everything they think, say and do over the course of their lifetime comprises their soul. At dawn the third day after death, the Soul will meet the three judges: Mithra, Sraosha, and Rashnu. The Soul will then pass to the Chinvat Bridge, where it will meet its Daena (personal guide), which represents their conscience. If the person is deemed to have been good, the Deana will be beautiful with sweet breezes caressing the Soul as it crosses the Chinvat, which will remain broad and easy for them to cross. However, if the person is deemed evil, the Deana will be a grotesque, foul-smelling hag and passage over the Chinvat Bridge will be impossible due to its narrowing, causing the unfaithful to fall and plummet into Hell, which is below the Bridge. Doctrine Zoroastrianism is a highly ethical religion because of the struggle to choose between good and evil, Ahura Mazda or Angra Mainyu. Zoroastrians are taught that humans are free to choose between Right and Wrong, Truth and Lie, Light and Dark, etc., and that the choices they make would ultimately affect their destiny and their eternal afterlife. In the battle between Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu, which has raged for over 12 000 years, Ahura Mazda is said to always have had the upper hand. Belief in the afterlife is taught, and it is determined by the balance of Good and Evil deeds, words, and thoughts. If Good outweighs the Evil, the afterlife achieved is heaven. If the Evil outweighs the Good, then that soul is sent to hell. Hell has different levels dependent on the severity of the person’s actions. When the person dies, the soul goes on a journey on the Chinvat Bridge, along with the guardian spirit. The bridge will widen if the person has done righteous deeds, and goes to heaven. You read "Zoroastrian Mythology" in category "Papers" If it narrows, then the person committed evil deeds, and they fall down into Hell below. They also believe in angels/demons, resurrection of the body, and a messiah figure. The Zoroastrian creed is â€Å"Good Words, Good Thoughts, and Good Deeds.† They recite this creed while tying their kutsi around the sudreh three times, one for each statement. This ritual is practised several times a day with prayer. Ritual The sacrality of fire is one of the most noticeable features of Zoroastrianism. Mnay of their tmples have fires that have been burning continuously for hundreds of years. These consecrated fires often contain fires from as many as sixteen different sources. Of the sources, one has to be lightning, which is seen as fire sent directly from the supreme deity, Ahura Mazda, god of Goodness and Light. Similar to Muslims, Zoroastrians divide their day into five periods; at the end of each period a Zoroastrian will pause to recite the appropriate prayer from their holy book, the Avesta. Divining the future is a Zoroastrian practice that is ritually performed by a early priests who would imbibe the juices of the sacred Haoma plant mixed with milk to obtain visions. In the Avesta, the priestly codes, the prayers, and the teachings of Zoroastrianism (the story of how the early Iranians, an Aryan people, came down out of Southern Russia in search of grazing lands and settled the Iranian plateau) are found. Also listed in the Avesta are â€Å"the 72 Names Of Ahura Mazda† which include: The Sustainer, The Maintainer, The Creator, and The Nourisher. These are ritually memorised and committed to memory by many of the adherents. Traditionally, Zoroastrians follow a holy calender. However, as the few remaining practitioners have become dispersed (most now live in India as the Parsis), there exists three Zoroastrian calenders. This means that their Holy Days fall on different days of the year dependant on which calender is used. There are seven main festivals, with the most important being Navruz, the celebration of fire and Truth. The other six festivals are the Gahambars, which are linked to the agricultural cycle. There is also a movable ceremony, Jashan, that can be used any time of the year to commemorate weddings, house-warmings, or other times of gratitude and happiness. In the past, some ceremonies of Zoroastrianism called for imbibing bull’s urine. Currently, pomegranate juice is substituted. In Zoroastrianism, where there is belief in free will, the Navjote ceremony is held when a child becomes old enough to begin taking responsibility for their own actions. The age for this varies by region, and is held when the child is between the ages of seven and fifteen, dependant on region. All Zoroastrians are required to wear a ceremonial thread around their body, the Kusti, at all times. Special knots on the thread are tied and untied during certain prayers. The Dakhma, or the Tower Of Silence, is one important aspect of traditional Zoroastrianism. This is a building constructed without a roof to which the dead are taken to be devoured by vultures. Since early Zoroastrians viewed death as the most unclean thing imaginable, they abhorred the idea of burying bodies, and because fire was considered holy, they refused cremation as well. Hence, the Dakhma was created. Inside a Dakhma, males corpses are separated from female ones, and bodies of children from those of adults. Another aspect of the death ritual in traditional Zoroastrianism is that a dog is brought to the dead body to look upon the face of the corpse. This is done to verify death and also to drive away evil spirits. Ethics The Zoroastrian religion lays tremendous emphasis on morals and ethics. A Zoroastrian is expected to make a conscious effort every moment of his or her life, to reject all forms of evil and the lie – in thought, word and deed and endeavour at all times to walk on the path of Asha (truth and righteousness). Asha is the Law Immutable, the Law Eternal, the Cosmic Law of Order and Harmony on which the entire Universe is based. It is through Asha that Ahura Mazda created the universe and it is through Asha that mankind will attain perfection and be one with Ahura Mazda. In the Hoshbam prayer we aspire, â€Å"Through the best Asha, through the highest Asha, may we catch sight of Thee (Ahura Mazda), may we approach Thee, pay we be in perfect union with Thee†. It is only by walking on the path of Asha that man can attain union with his maker. The colophon to the Yasna is quite explicit on this point, â€Å"There is but one path, that of Asha, all other paths are false paths†. According to Zoroastrianism, it is the sum total of a man’s thoughts, words and deeds which will determine the fate of his soul in the other world – it is these thoughts, words and deeds, good or bad, which will lead his soul either to he gates of heaven or to the pathway of hell. The Zoroastrian scriptures enumerate a number of virtues, which a Zoroastrian should aspire and endeavour to cultivate and imbibe, and a number of vices from which he should guard himself and struggle to keep away. Some of the virtues (not necessarily in the order of importance) are as follows: Unflinching faith, devotion and love for Ahura Mazda and His prophet, Zarathushtra; Offering the Faraziyat (obligatory) prayers and thanking Ahura Mazda, the Amesha Spentas and Yazatas for Their Grace and Bounty; Observing and upholding all the tenets and traditions of the religion and community, Speaking the Truth always. According to Herodotus, the Persians laid great stress on speaking the truth, riding a horse and archery and this formed the basic education for all Persian children. According to Yasna 31.19 â€Å"A truth-speaker receives honour and is a master without fear†, while according to the Sarosh Yasht Hadokht, â€Å"By speaking true words we receive many victories; Moderation in matters of food, drink and other worldly pleasures. Neither fasting nor gluttony and neither celibacy nor lechery is desirable; Charity and love for all human beings. Zoroastrianism does not look down upon acquisition of wealth. In fact, wealth is seen to be fundamentally positive, provided it is put to judicious use and used for the well being of others. According to Yasna 43.1 â€Å"He is a good man through whom goodness reaches other persons in all places. God gives such persons greatness; Industry and honest toil. According to Yasna 46.12 â€Å"those who make the world prosperous through good thoughts and honest endeavours are those who live a virtuous life in good thoughts. The Visperad (7.1) also praises, â€Å"industry and courage.† Conversely according to the Visperad (18.2), â€Å"a man who is idle is worthy of hell†; Keep a promise at all cost. In fact Yasna 61.3 strongly advises, â€Å"keep away from a covenant breaker and from one who tampers,† Aspire for higher knowledge and acquire wisdom under a proficient teacher; Respect ones elders and superiors. â€Å"He who does not show respect to an elder will never receive honour† (Yasna 29.6); Honesty and integrity in ones dealings in this world; Forgiveness, mercy and tolerance- According to the Denkard, a good Zoroastrian must strive to make enemies his friends; purify the sinful and make the ignorant well-informed; Sincerely atone for ones sins (committed knowingly or unknowingly) by doing patet. And now for the vices from which a Zoroastrian should guard himself and struggle to keep away: Anger and jealousy- According to the Yasna 49.4 â€Å"Those who promote wrath and jealousy are of evil intellect;† Greed and idleness- Yasna 16.8 warns â€Å"Keep away from the greed of a wicked man†, Arrogance-Little knowledge, power and wealth could makes a man arrogant. Arrogance leads to other vices and the road of ruin. The Ardibehest Yasht warns us to â€Å"keep away from these who have arrogant thoughts†; Sloth – In the Atash Niyayesh 5.11, we pray â€Å"I sleep for the third part of a whole day (i.e. eight hours). May God give me no more sleep so that I can wake up on time.†; Foul language – The Denkard consider use of foul or abusive language as a sin equal to telling lies; Petty and unwarranted quarrels, arguments and violence; Bad company and literature; Malice and vengefulness; Zoroastrians believe that everyone is equal: â€Å"Men and women, rich and poor, and young and old are all seen as equal† (BBC). Abortion- They believe that a soul has been formed when a women is four months and ten days pregnant and believe that abortion is murder. Reincarnation- it is not believed in Zoroastrianism and is foreign/unknown to them. Homosexuality- There is a line in the Vendidad that states that homosexuality is sinful/devil worshipping: â€Å"The man that lies with mankind as man lies with womankind, or as woman lies with mankind, is the man that is a Daeva [demon]; this one is the man that is a worshipper of the Daevas, that is a male paramour of the Daevas.† This means that they would be against it. FUN FACT– they have major beliefs in the Humata Hukhta Hvarshta, which is â€Å"good thoughts, good words, good deeds.† Could not find any reliable sources that talked about alcohol/drug use or suicide and capital abuse and the Zoroastrian view. Personal experience Material Culture The main symbol in Zoroastrianism is the sacred fire. It must burn continually at the fire temple, and needs to be fed at least 5 times a day, along with the 5 prayers a day. Zoroastrians believe that fire purifies and also represents the presence of Ahura Mazda. The Faravahar is the most common symbol in the Zoroastrianism. It reminds the adherents of their purpose in life and to live in the ways of Ahura Mazda. (insert a pic of the faravahar) The imagery of a disc with wings likely originated as a sun with wings. Later, a human torso was added to the symbol. The archer in a feathered robe represents Ashur, an Assryian god. Over time the image became a symbol of the Zoroastrian religion. Presently, the symbol is often used to depict a guardian angel, who would guide dead souls into the afterlife. Social Organisation The Zoroastrian community is divided into two groups: the hereditary priests and the laity. The influential families are those that have members strategically distributed throughout the most important sectors of society, each prepared to support the other in order to ensure family prestige and status. Politically, there is no supreme head of the Zoroastrians in Iran, which had Zoroastrianism as a state religion in the past. In each city, there is a Zoroastrian association known as the â€Å"Anjoman Zardoshtian.† Its governing members are elected by the community. Today the anjoman in Tehran, owing to its location, has developed a position of leadership; however, local affairs are handled by the local anjoman. In addition to these associations, each city has a youth club, which is mainly involved with sports and cultural activities. In Tehran, a Zoroastrian Women’s Association has also been established. Government officials do recognize minority groups such as the Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians. They are permitted to sustain organizations, elect a representative to the Majlis (lower house of Parliament), maintain religious schools, and publish periodicals; however, they are restricted in political activities. Non-Muslims cannot reach command positions in the armed forces and cannot achieve policy-making positions in government. The Zoroastrian community was formerly organized through priest rotation; now it is through appointments and by the influence of the anjoman structure. Formerly there was a katkhoda, a local political leader, and, at the highest level, the kalantar (magistrate) of the entire Zoroastrian community. Social Control. Of concern to the Zoroastrian community are the ritual calendar, the upkeep of the priesthood, and conversion. There is also a conflict between the younger generation and the older one, which is more orthodox. The community is in transition, and the population is attempting to become Westernized. Conflict. Boundaries have always been maintained between the various religious groups such as the Muslims, Jews, Christians, Zoroastrians, and Baha’is, especially under the Islamic government. One of the ways to alleviate intercommunal tension is to allow non-Zoroastrians to enter the fire temples. Muslims have been seen participating in the funerals of Zoroastrian friends. In the past, because of strict Zoroastrian observance of the laws of purity, this was not permitted. Until 1885, the Zoroastrians were subject to various forms of persecution. They were not allowed to wear rings, and their girdles were made of rough canvas. Until 1895, they were not permitted to carry umbrellas or wear glasses or spectacles. Until 1896, they were forced to twist their turbans instead of folding them (Malcolm 1905, 45). How to cite Zoroastrian Mythology, Papers

The Rise Of Adolf Hitler Essay Example For Students

The Rise Of Adolf Hitler Essay Hitler came to power in Germany in the 1930s. His reign as Fhrer of the Third Reich is known as one of the darkest periods of world history. He desired to build a supreme race. He believed the Jewish race was too large and too economically strong. To aid him in his quest for the supreme German race and to conquer Germanys economic woes, he waged a war of holocaust against the Jewish people and any weak human beings. This became known as Hitlers Final Solution. America has risen to one of most powerful nations in the world. The mosaic of people that make up the melting pot of the world are entirely responsible for the success of this country. Diverseness unifies a nation, while prejudice and discrimination cause emotional and physical separation among the inhabitants of a country; A nation divided cannot stand. Adolph Hitler and the Nazis, however, chose to follow their theories and ideas of creating a supreme race despite the contradiction with the universal principles that acknowled ge the power of diversity. Jews, Gypsies, Poles, Slavs, the physically and mentally disabled, Jehovahs witnesses, homosexuals, political prisoners, dissenting clergy, and others who were considered unworthy of being a member of society, all fell Nazi victims. Over eleven million diverse, innocent people were slaughtered by the Nazis as a result of their desire to create an identical race of people. Before Adolph was born, three children died. He was the only and beloved son, then brother Edmund was born, and Adolf was given less time, then Adolfs sister appeared in the family, he always had the most tender feelings for Paula. In the first grade, Hitler studied only as an excellent student. In the old monastery of Catholics, he went to the second class, learned to sing in the church choir and helped during the Mass. I first noticed the swastika at the Abbot Hagen on his coat of arms. Adolf several times changed schools because of parental problems. As soon as he was 13 years old, the father died. And the young Adolf refused to fulfill the request of the parent. He did not want to become an official; he was attracted to painting and music. After the fourth grade, the education certificate was rated â€Å"A† only in physical culture and drawing. At first, he tried to enter the Academy of Art, as he had an extraordinary talent and craving for visual arts but failed the entra nce exams. The next few years, the biography of Adolf Hitler was filled with poverty, vagrancy, odd jobs,  topic of constant moving from place to place, shelters under the city bridges. There is a statement that Hitlers daughter  wrote the biography. All this time, he did not inform his relatives or friends about his location, as he was afraid of being drafted into the army, where he would have to serve along with the Jews, to whom he experienced deep hatred. The beginning of the battle biography of Adolf Hitler The First World War was accepted by Hitler with joy, he himself was asked to serve in the Bavarian army, participated in many battles, received the rank of corporal, was wounded and had many military awards. Considered a brave and brave soldier. He has wounded again, even lost his sight. After the war, the authorities found the fate of Hitler in the composition of the agitators necessary, where he proved himself a skillful master of the word, he knew how to hold the attention of people listening to him. All this period of his life, Hitlers favorite reading became anti-Semitic literature, which basically shaped his further political views. Soon everyone got acquainted with his program of the new Nazi Party. Later, he gets the post of chairman with unlimited rise to power. Allowing himself too much, Hitler began to take advantage of his post to incite the overthrow of the existing government, was convicted and sent to prison. There he finally believed that the Communists and Jews shoul d be exterminated. At the same time, Adolf Hitler wrote his work, for example,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Mein Kampf,† in which he outlined his autobiography and the idea of  national socialism. From this moment, the oppression of Jews and Gypsies began in the country, the trade unions were closed and the â€Å"Hitler era† began, which was completely saturated with human blood. He declares that the nation of Germany should rule the world. Hitler finds many supporters who unequivocally appoint him to lead the armed forces, founded personal security service in the SS ranks, and established torture and death camps. Physics Lab Report EssayWorld War II To strengthen the mass base of his regime, Hitler carried out a number of activities designed for popular support. Was sharply reduced, and then eliminated unemployment. Large-scale actions on humanitarian aid to populations in need have been launched. Mass, cultural and sporting festivals, etc., were encouraged. However, the basis of the policy of the Hitler regime was preparation for revenge for the lost World War I. As a conclusion,  the industry was reconstructed, large-scale construction was launched, and strategic reserves were created. He dreamed of getting even for the fact that once, in World War I, Germany capitulated. He was ill, in a hurry to carry out his plans. In the spirit of revenge was carried out propaganda treatment of the population. Adolf Hitler went on gross violations of the Versailles Treaty, which limited the military efforts of Germany. A short Reichswehr was turned into a million Wehrmacht, tank forces and military aircraft were restored. The status of t he demilitarized Rhineland was canceled. With the acquiescence of the leading European powers, Czechoslovakia was dismembered, the Czech Republic was absorbed, and Austria was annexed. Enlisting the approval of Stalin, Hitler sent his troops into Poland. In 1939, the Second World War began. Having achieved success in hostilities against France and England and having conquered almost the entire western part of the continent, in 1941 Hitler turned his troops against the Soviet Union. The defeats of the Soviet troops at the first stage of the Soviet-German war led to the occupation of the Baltic republics, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova and parts of Russia by the Hitler troops. In the occupied territories, the most severe occupation regime was established, which destroyed many millions of people. However, from the end of 1942, the Nazi armies began to suffer defeat. In 1944, the Soviet territory was liberated from occupation; hostilities were approaching the German borders. The Nazi troops were forced to retreat in the west as a result of the advance of the American divisions landed in Italy and on the coast of France. Fuhrer suicide In 1944, a conspiracy was organized against Adolf Hitler, the purpose of which was to physically eliminate him and make peace with the advancing Allied forces. The Fuhrer was aware that the complete defeat of Germany is inevitably approaching. Adolf Hitler committed suicide on April 30, 1945, in a surrounded Berlin, along with his mistress Eva Braun (with whom he had married the day before).